Double or duplicated superior vena cava (SVC) is

uncommon, occurring in 0.3% to 2.0% of the population. It

occurs due to the persistence of the left sided SVC (PLSVC)

during embryological development. When it coexists with the

normal right sided SVC, the patient develops a double or

duplicated SVC. PLSVC is more common in patients with

congenital heart disease, occurring at a rate of 10.0% to 11.0%

[1],[2].

In cases of double SVC, the right and the left SVCs are

formed by the communication of the internal jugular vein

(IJV) and the subclavian vein (SCV) of the relevant side.

However, the PLSVC drains separately into the atrium. The

connection between the right and the left side by the left

brachiocephalic vein (LBCV) may not be present.

In 90% of the cases the PLSVC drains into the right atrium

through the coronary sinus (CS) [3]. This variation can result

in diagnostic dilemmas and complications during the

procedures. This case reports a patient with PLSVC who

underwent a dialysis access catheter insertion, causing a

diagnostic dilemma on postoperative chest x-ray.