Sohan Malkaruge Costa, Benjamin Cohen-Stead, Andy Tanjaroon Ly, James Neuhaus, Steven Johnston
Phys. Rev. B 108, 165138 – Published 19 October, 2023
Publication year: 2023

We compare the acoustic Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model with two of its optical variants where the phonons are defined on either on the sites or bonds of the system. First, we discuss how to make fair comparisons between these models in any dimension by ensuring their dimensionless coupling λ and relevant phonon energies are the same. We then use determinant quantum Monte Carlo to perform non-perturbative and sign-problem-free simulations of all three models on one-dimensional chains at and away from half-filling. By comparing the results obtained from each model, we demonstrate that the optical and acoustic models produce near identical results within error bars for suitably chosen phonon energies and λ at half-filling. In contrast, the bond model has quantitatively different behavior due to its coupling to the q=0 phonon mode. These differences also manifest in the total length of the chain, which shrinks for the bond model but not for the acoustic and optical models when λ0. Our results have important implications for quantum Monte Carlo modeling of SSH-like interactions, where these models are sometimes regarded as being interchangeable